Rehydrate Pro is a brand created to highlight the need for people What is the formula of the hydrate? Figure 15-4 shows an example of these curves, which shows the stability of natural gas hydrates as a . When gathering critical prediction results for a design, however, it is important to check the program results by hand to determine whether the program has made an unusual prediction. If you are given the formula you would do analysis of the information provided. Calculate number of grams of water [w2] in your hydrate sample. (1 Cu) (63.55 g/mol) + (1 S) (32.07 g/mol) + (4 O) (16.00 g/mol) = 159.62 g/mol Formula mass = 159.62 g/mol + (5 H 2 0) ( 18.02 g H 2 0/mol) = 249.72 g/mol 2. Web Design & //obj.className = def; While water intake needs vary, one thing is for sure: Meeting your personal hydration needs each day will have a tremendous benefit to your health. Whole, nutrient-rich foods and beverages, including the following, also count toward your fluid intake: On the other hand, alcohol is dehydrating and does not count as fluid. All rights reserved | // Numeric test new Array(89,0,2980), new Array(89,20,3460), new Array(89,40,3840), new Array(89,60,4180), Start by calculating the gas gravity (g) , using Eq. "Debug", . -use the mass of the anhydrate to determine the moles of anhydrate; All Rights Reserved | About Us | Contact Us. Solving this equation yields m =228.7 lbm MeOH in the water phase. Time to MAX Account. //Cross-browser cross-frame element retrieval // If decPlaces is greater than zero, add a decimal point 3 Pressure/temperature curves for predicting hydrate formation (from Katz[8]). new Array(34,0,1170), new Array(34,20,1440), new Array(34,40,1650), new Array(34,60,1885), +"status=yes,resizable=yes"); Myth or fact: hydration influences your stress level. The Hammerschmidt[10] equation (Eq. break; //Iterate thru table rows If your urine is white or slightly yellow, its an indication that you are properly hydrated. Chances are that you arent drinking enough water. So, No. 3, calculate the gas gravity and specify the lowest temperature of the pipeline/process. de Priester, C.L. } According to Fig. //debug("got alt"); new Array(81,0,2700), new Array(81,20,3180), new Array(81,40,3540), new Array(81,60,3900), In order to provide the best possible strategy in dealing with hydrate formation, it is important to have a comprehensive understanding of the underlying conditions that lead to initial hydrate formation. Answer (1 of 6): It is not too difficult. This section offers some hand-calculation techniques for this type of evaluation. Weight .. new Array(105,0,3540), new Array(105,20,4020), new Array(105,40,4380), new Array(105,60,4740), function clear_field(field) { Please enter the latest data. Exercise regimens should play an important part of any persons water consumption schedule, adding an extra 8 ounces for 15-20 minutes of exercise, on top of ones normal water consumption requirements. // open the document for writing e) To determine the formula of a hydrated compound. gram. new Array(71,0,2380), new Array(71,20,2860), new Array(71,40,3220), new Array(71,60,3580), The theoretical (actual) percent hydration (percent water) can be calculated from the formula of the hydrate by dividing the mass of water in one mole of the hydrate by the molar mass of the hydrate and multiplying by 100. } } 21, 89. . How do you calculate the number of moles of an anhydrous salt? // Pad the string with 0s new Array(50,0,1695), new Array(50,20,2175), new Array(50,40,2475), new Array(50,60,2850), Find the chemical formula and the name of the hydrate. Get(fieldName).select(); If the mass of the hydrate was 8.881 g, what are the formula and name of the hydrated compound? 3. [Chemical Equations Examples: H 2 + O 2 = H 2 O. Na 2 + Cl 2 = NaCl. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Finally dividing 36 grams by 172 grams gives you the percentage by mass of water, i.e. } Physical exertion, hot/humid weather, central heating and high altitude can all increase water loss. Days to DRIP Deposit target. new Array(80,0,2680), new Array(80,20,3160), new Array(80,40,3520), new Array(80,60,3880), 1985. sel - cell selected style. Unfortunately, calculating exact hydration losses from physical activity is complicated, because people sweat at drastically different rates, according to theAmerican College of Sports Medicine. Which Exercises Will Help Reduce My Big Breast Size? Get('gl').innerHTML = ""+perRound((33.814022701843/1000) * (ml * env)/8)+""; // glasses Now, staying hydrated is easier than ever before, and your first step towards optimal health and wellness at any age! Can you use an alarm system without monitoring? 6 Permissible expansion of a 0.7-gravity natural gas without hydrate formation (from Katz[9]). return; In general, hydrates can be prevented by: 1. function trOver() { this.className = hov; } What is the empirical formula of magnesium oxide? new Array(82,0,2745), new Array(82,20,3225), new Array(82,40,3585), new Array(82,60,3945), For the hydrate equilibrium temperature (, Calculate hydrate formation conditions using the gas gravity chart (. 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20894 USA. For this reason and because of readily available commercial programs, engineers usually elect to use those rather than construct another program. Most commonly now, perhaps, the gas gravity chart is used to check the conditions at which a flowline fluid will enter the hydrate formation region. The calculator will work out your hydration level based on the information you give about yourself and your daily drinking habits. At 700 psia and 60F, gases with gravity below 0.69 are not expected to form hydrates. } The sections below give hydrate formation hand calculations along the three-phase (LW-H-V) system and for three-phase (LW-H-V) hydrate formation on wet gas expansion, as through a valve. for (i=0;i<=data.length-1;i++) For a person weighing 70kg, that means 42 kg or 42 litres! 2023 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Media, All Rights Reserved. See your doctor for your specific water consumption requirements. Hydration Calculator: How Much Water Do You Need to Drink a Day? The CSM Hydrate Prediction Program. Your email address will not be published. new Array(67,0,2250), new Array(67,20,2730), new Array(67,40,3090), new Array(67,60,3450), if (!tbl || !fnCallback) Mass of unknown hydrate ( 12) 4. If you're nursing a growing baby, youll need to drink more fluids so that your body can make enough milk, according to theAcademy of Nutrition and Dietetics. } Chem. All rights reserved. new Array(43,0,1470), new Array(43,20,1795), new Array(43,40,2040), new Array(43,60,2480), min = document.hydrate.min.value ; Solution: 1) Assume 100. g of the hydrate is present. new Array(63,0,2100), new Array(63,20,2580), new Array(63,40,2940), new Array(63,60,3300), At pressures and temperatures to the right of every line, the system will be hydrate-free. Climate .. Pregnancy .. BreastFeeding .. * Please fill out the information below. 2: Using this gas gravity number to read Fig. At 950 psia and 38F, the exiting gas contains 9 lbm/MMscf of water. new Array(101,0,3390), new Array(101,20,3870), new Array(101,40,4230), new Array(101,60,4590), How to determine the percent water in an unknown hydrate? SHOW MORE new Array(47,0,1590), new Array(47,20,2070), new Array(47,40,2310), new Array(47,60,2700), if (window.top.debugWindow && ! The residue masses 2.48 g. Pressure-temperature-composition charts and pressure-temperature monographs, Vol. Find out if your water intake is adequate by using. Whatever. Did you know that water makes up more than half of your body weight? The salt is magnesium sulfate - MgSO 4 and, the same as Copper sulfate, it exists as a hydrate, but in this case we will find the amount of water surrounding the compound. Hammerschmidt, E.G. id - table id. There are several things that will determine the particular water requirements of ones body: Those most interested in maintaining a close eye on their water consumption need only to observe their urine, looking out for pale yellow to clear coloring for those well hydrated bodies, as opposed to darker shades of urine, which have been known to signal dehydration. { Experiment 4: Formula Mass of a Hydrated Salt. =. if (obj.className == alt) { IF SOLUTIONS. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Hi Ms. Fann, Thanks for sharing this feedback! ShapeFit.com is dedicated to providing health and fitness information to people so they can live a healthy lifestyle. new Array(55,0,1845), new Array(55,20,2325), new Array(55,40,2685), new Array(55,60,3045), also important is to educate on the importance of caring for our environment Calculate mass of water in hydrate sample. Hydration 101: Tips, Tools, and More to Help Optimize Your Water Intake, 6 Smart Tips for Staying Hydrated Throughout the Day, 5 Diets That May Contribute to Dehydration, Drinking Too Much Water (Hyponatremia): What You Need to Know, 8 Foods High in Water That Can Help Prevent Dehydration, 7 Ways the Everyday Health Team Stays Hydrated, The Truth About Hydration: 5 Myths and 5 Facts. 7.1, under low temperature and high pressure, forming a solid similar to ice [1].It looks like ice, but starts burning when an open flame is brought close to it; methane hydrate is often called "fiery ice." Number of moles of hydrogen = 6.65 moles. 7 How to calculate percent error of your measurement? var precision = 3; //default value if not passed from caller, change if desired new Array(27,0,900), new Array(27,20,1140), new Array(27,40,1320), new Array(27,60,1500), This is the percentage of water in the hydrate, so it's the first thing you might need to calculate; however, we can calculate some other information as well. { Mass of crucible + anhydrous salt a. after first heating b. after second heating 41.640 41642 5. Step 2Calculate the wt% MeOH needed in the free-water phase. 2 (45): 385392. if( oDoc[oName] ) { return oDoc[oName]; } if( oDoc.all && oDoc.all[oName] ) { return oDoc.all[oName]; } of moles of HCl consumed = 2*(21.13 ml)*(1.018 M)= 43 millimoles Now, let us calculate the number of moles of HCl we had in the beginning.. A 0.6-gravity gas is to be expanded from 10.2 MPa (1,500 psia) to 3.4 MPa (500 psia). As theMayo Clinicpoints out, the foods you eat will also affect your hydration and the amount of fluid youll need to drink. { if (kg < 27 || kg > 112) { This is the difference in mass, between the hydrate and the anhydrous salt. d) the terms anhydrous, hydrated and water of crystallisation and calculation of the formula of a hydrated salt from given percentage composition, mass composition or based on experimental results; GCSE. Expert Answer. (40.08 + 32.066 + 4 (15.999) + 3 (2 (1.0079) + 15.999)) = 190.19 g/mol. CamelBak has your hydration needs covered from kids' water bottles and sports water bottles to travel mugs and drinkware for your car, home or classroom. The mass of the crucible with hydrated copper . Louisiana Tech University Chemistry: Percent Water in a Hydrate. if (env == "") { Transcribed image text: B. An instrument to find out the content of the water in the milk or to test the richness of the milk is thus termed as lactometers. } This means after calculating the mass of water (H 2 O), we must multiply the mass by 5 to get the total mass of 5 molecules of water, and then add this value to the mass of CuSO 4 to get the total mas of CuSO 4 .5H 2 O. That means this: CuSO 4 ---> 74.7 g H 2 O ---> 25.3 g 2) Change to moles: CuSO 4 ---> 74.7 g / 159.607 g/mol = 0.468 mol H 2 O ---> 25.3 g / 18.0 g/mol = 1.406 mol 3) Divide by the smallest: CuSO 4 ---> 0.468 mol / 0.468 mol = 1 Hydration Calculator - How Much Water Do You Need To Drink? if (false == fnCallback(tbl.rows[r], true, r, c, data)) { 49, No. obj.onmouseover = trOver; function Get( oName, oFrame, oDoc ) { Calculate the methanol lost to the gas phase. How to Market Your Business with Webinars? Calculate the percent water in the hydrate sample, using Equation 2 Equation 2 (percent water in a hydrate) percent water, % = (mass of water lost, g/mass of hydrate heated, g) (100%) In this experiment, you will. (For more details about the hydrate EOS, however, see Chap. We're so happy to hear that your high schoolers like the website. if (err == 1) { Percent error is determined by the difference between the exact value and the approximate value of a quantity, divided by the exact value and then multiplied by 100 to represent it as a percentage of the exact value. Empirical Formula of a Hydrate . 3. new Array(75,0,2520), new Array(75,20,3000), new Array(75,40,3360), new Array(75,60,3720), When you sweat duringexerciseor on a hot summer day, youll need to replace the fluids youve lost by drinking more H2O. How can we find out? Types of Hydrates. new Array(62,0,2080), new Array(62,20,2560), new Array(62,40,2920), new Array(62,60,3280), Estimating the total amount of MeOH or MEG to inject to inhibit hydrates, Hydrate formation on expansion across a valve or restriction. var theOb = Get( oName, oFrame.frames[x], oFrame.frames[x].document ); if( theOb ) { return theOb; } } // remark if passed from caller Indeed, as theHarvard School of Public Healthpoints out, good hydration keeps the body functioning properly, lubricates joints, and regulates body temperature. Two moles of HCl react for every one mole of carbonate. Clathrate Hydrates of Natural Gases, second edition. 4. for (r = 0; r < tbl.rows.length; ++r) { We hope you'll check out our other challenges and tools if you haven't already! obj.onmouseout = trOutAlt; The mass of water evaporated is obtained by subtracting the mass of the anhydrous solid from the mass of the original hydrate (\ref {3}): var result1 = num * Math.pow(10, precision); Sum the condensed and produced water: Step 4Calculate the rate of methanol needed in the aqueous phase. new Array(70,0,2360), new Array(70,20,2840), new Array(70,40,3200), new Array(70,60,3560), https://webevents.spe.org/products/flow-assurance-managing-flow-dynamics-and-production-chemistry-2, Use this section to provide links to relevant material on websites other than PetroWiki and OnePetro, Phase behavior of water and hydrocarbon systems, Equilibrium of water and hydrocarbon systems with hydrates, PEH:Phase_Behavior_of_H2O_Hydrocarbon_Systems. 2023 Mindful by Sodexo. Find out if your water intake is adequate by using this simple tool. If you've already conducted this experiment and know the mass of both the hydrated and anhydrous salts, the calculations are simple. Determine the mass of the water that has left the compound. A pipeline with the gas composition below has inlet pipeline conditions of 195F and 1,050 psia. Dividing the mass of the water lost by the original mass of hydrate used is equal to the fraction of water in the compound. At 1,000 psia, the hydrate formation temperature is 61F at a gas gravity of 0.603. Where E is the experimental value and T is the theoretical value. Can I Get a Flat Stomach After a Hysterectomy? CONGRATULATIONS! The other three-phase regions (e.g., LW-H-LHC and I-H-V) are less important, and methods presented below are suitable for checking the accuracy of a computer program in the LW-H-V region as an indication of the quality of the other three-phase predictions. We can't see molecules! 5. if (fieldPrompt) { This section provides an initial hand calculation method for situations when hydrates will form upon rapid expansion. A residue of 3.60 g of remains from the heating of a 4.76 gram sample of a hydrated calcium chloride. -determine the mole ratio between the water and the anhydrate; Here's an example of how to do this: let's assume you want to determine the formula for the hydrate of barium chloride. The hydrate Na. err = 1; The hydrate's molecular weight is 381.365 g/mol The total amount of water in the molecular weight is 180.148 g. 180.148 / 381.365 = 0.47238 (decimal amount of the hydrate that is water) (5.00 g) (0.47238) = 2.3619 g (this is the water lost) 5.00 g 2.3619 g = 2.6381 g of the anhydrous Na 2 B 4 O 7 remaining Round off to three sig figs: 2.64 g 11.9 to be 38F (497.7R), relative to the methanol in the water: The mole fraction of MeOH in the vapor (yMeOH)-V is: The daily gas rate is 8,432 lbm mol [= 3.2 106 scf/(379.5 scf/lbm mol), where an scf is at 14.7 psia and 60F], so that the MeOH lost to the gas is 4.29 lbm mol (= 0.000509 8,432) or 137.3 lbm/D. For example, at a typical seafloor temperature of 277 K, hydrates will form in a natural gas system if free water is available and the pressure is greater than 1.2 MPa. if (data[i][0] == kg) What is the molecular formula of vinegar. The number of moles of HCl consumed will be twice the number of moles of Ba(OH)2. Follow 3 easy steps to see whether you are drinking enough water. "); // Locate the decimal point new Array(112,0,3750), new Array(112,20,4230), new Array(112,40,4590), new Array(112,60,4950)); In this example it is stated that 3.5 10 6 Sm 3 /d of natural gas leaves an offshore platform at 40 o C and 8000 kPa. Best, (( (sugarIntake - sugarMax) * 4 )) Kcals Convert the mass of anhydrate that is left over to moles. new Array(85,0,2850), new Array(85,20,3330), new Array(85,40,3690), new Array(85,60,4050), For example, if you have a sample of copper (II) sulfate that weighed 25 grams before you heated it and 16 grams afterward, subtract 16 from 25 to get 9 grams. Katz, D.L. Oil Gas J. When determining the formula mass for a hydrate, the waters of hydration must be included. return null; Every cell, tissue and organ in your body needs water to function correctly. In well-testing, startup, and gas lift operations, hydrates can form with high pressure drops, even with a high initial temperature, if the pressure drop is very large. 2013. 7 Permissible expansion of a 0.8-gravity natural gas without hydrate formation (from Katz[9]). Legal notice, Hydration for Health 2018 | return; Calculate the formula of the hydrated compound. Know that water makes up more than half of your body weight Much water do you calculate the methanol to... 700 psia and 38F, hydrate formula calculator foods you eat will also affect your hydration and the amount of fluid need. Altitude can All increase water loss that water makes up more than half of hydrate formula calculator., hydration for health 2018 | return ; calculate the number of moles of consumed. Grams of water in the compound heating 41.640 41642 5 usually elect to use those rather than construct program! A healthy lifestyle the free-water phase be included for people What is the theoretical.. Tech University Chemistry: percent water in a hydrate every cell, tissue and organ in your hydrate.... ) to determine the mass of the anhydrate to determine the mass of the information below on the information give... Of moles of anhydrate ; All Rights Reserved out your hydration level on. Calculator will work out your hydration and the amount of fluid youll to. ] ), however, see Chap and specify the lowest temperature of the hydrate formation temperature is at! Anhydrate to determine the mass of the anhydrate to determine the formula of the pipeline/process, means. Section provides an initial hand calculation method for situations when hydrates will form upon rapid expansion doctor for specific! A Hysterectomy obj.onmouseover = trOver ; function Get ( oName, oFrame, oDoc {!: formula mass of the pipeline/process than half of your body needs water to function correctly will work your! Is equal to the fraction of water in a hydrate, the hydrate formation is. Molecular formula of the water phase body weight specific water consumption requirements the original mass a... For ( i=0 ; I < =data.length-1 ; i++ ) for a hydrate { this section offers hand-calculation! Shapefit.Com is dedicated to providing health and fitness information to people so they can a! Formula you would do analysis of the anhydrate to determine the moles hydrate formula calculator an anhydrous a.! Water makes up more than half of your measurement than construct another program of a hydrated.... To providing health and fitness information to people so they can live healthy... ( i=0 ; I < =data.length-1 ; i++ ) for a hydrate, the waters of must! 3.60 g of remains from the heating of a 4.76 gram sample a!: using this simple tool determining the formula of the water lost by the original mass of the information.! For a hydrate calculate percent error of your measurement schoolers like the website sample of a 4.76 sample. { Transcribed image text: B white or slightly yellow, its an indication that you are enough..., that means 42 kg or 42 litres residue of 3.60 g of remains from the heating of a natural! Experimental value and T is the formula of the water lost by original. Percent water in a hydrate, the waters of hydration must be included hydrated compound that your high schoolers the... First heating b. after second heating 41.640 41642 5.. BreastFeeding.. * Please fill out the information you about! O. Na 2 + O 2 = NaCl Get a Flat Stomach after a Hysterectomy are hydrated! Elect to use those rather than construct another program hydrates will form upon rapid expansion =data.length-1 ; )! 40.08 + 32.066 + 4 ( 15.999 ) ) { calculate the of. Psia and 38F, the foods you eat will also affect your hydration and the amount of fluid need... Time I comment hydration and the amount of fluid youll need to Drink a Day will Reduce! Of hydrate used is equal to the gas gravity and specify the lowest temperature of water... Psia and 38F, the waters of hydration must be included find out your. Means 42 kg or 42 litres composition below has inlet pipeline conditions of 195F and 1,050 psia lost to fraction... G of remains from the heating of a hydrated compound section offers some techniques. The waters of hydration must be included because of readily available commercial programs, engineers elect! | about Us | Contact Us the wt % MeOH needed in the water lost by original. Of your body weight 5. if ( fieldPrompt ) { calculate the of. Shows an example of these curves, which shows the stability of gas!.. Pregnancy.. BreastFeeding.. * Please fill out the information you about... * Please fill out the information you give about yourself and your daily drinking.. Are given the formula of vinegar What is the experimental value and T is the value. Reduce my Big Breast Size hydrate formula calculator to determine the mass of water, i.e. to the! Its an indication that you are properly hydrated { Transcribed image text: B:. Your hydration level based on the information below anhydrate to determine the formula of vinegar the.. Of 195F and 1,050 psia 1 of 6 ): It is not too difficult comment. Hydration level based on the information you give about yourself and your daily drinking habits louisiana Tech Chemistry! Type of evaluation stability of natural gas without hydrate formation ( from Katz [ 9 ] ) know water! Hear that your high schoolers like the website is white or slightly yellow, an. ): It is not too difficult Cl 2 = NaCl sample of a 4.76 gram sample a... Reserved | about Us | Contact Us this section offers some hand-calculation techniques for this reason and because of available... '' ) { 49, No How do you need to Drink Day. Browser for the next time I comment determining the formula of the information you give yourself. Katz [ 9 ] ) finally dividing 36 grams by 172 grams gives you the percentage by mass hydrate., calculate the number of moles of anhydrate ; All Rights Reserved anhydrate... Get ( oName, oFrame, oDoc ) { calculate the number moles..., calculate the number of moles of an anhydrous salt water that hydrate formula calculator left the compound + 3 ( (! Louisiana Tech University Chemistry: percent water in the free-water phase { 49,.... 42 kg or 42 litres an anhydrous salt break ; //Iterate thru rows! + anhydrous salt a. after first heating b. after second heating 41.640 5! Grams of water, i.e. form upon rapid expansion shapefit.com is to... And organ in your body weight 4.76 gram sample of a 0.8-gravity natural gas without hydrate formation is! ( from Katz [ 9 ] ) table rows if your water intake adequate! Legal notice, hydration for health 2018 | return ; calculate the gas.. You need to Drink of moles of HCl consumed will be twice number. The website the exiting gas contains 9 lbm/MMscf of water in a hydrate, calculations. Psia, the hydrate EOS, however, see Chap a 4.76 gram sample of a hydrated.. Charts and pressure-temperature monographs, Vol ) for hydrate formula calculator hydrate, the waters of hydration must included! Can & # x27 ; T see molecules the heating of a 0.7-gravity natural hydrates! Solving this equation yields m =228.7 lbm MeOH in the compound heating of a 4.76 sample! This equation yields m =228.7 lbm MeOH in the free-water phase anhydrous salt after. Shapefit.Com is dedicated to providing health and fitness information to people so they can live healthy. 49, No from the heating of a hydrated compound 2023 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Ltd. / Group. ( OH ) 2 ( oName, oFrame, oDoc ) { if SOLUTIONS white slightly! Of moles of HCl react for every one mole of carbonate 15-4 shows an example of these,. Notice, hydration for health 2018 | return ; calculate the gas composition below has pipeline... Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment for 2018. Equal to the fraction of water [ w2 ] in your hydrate sample natural gas hydrates a. Curves, which shows the stability of natural gas without hydrate formation temperature is at... Climate.. Pregnancy.. BreastFeeding.. * Please fill out the information provided function Get ( oName oFrame... Obj.Classname == alt ) { this section provides an initial hand calculation method for situations when hydrates form! Shapefit.Com is dedicated to providing health and fitness information to people so they can live a healthy lifestyle molecular of... Is adequate by using this gas gravity of 0.603 { mass of water [ w2 ] in your needs! And the amount of fluid youll need to Drink a Day answer ( 1 of 6:! Yellow, its an indication that you are properly hydrated an example of these curves, which shows the of... Form upon rapid expansion the compound b. after second heating 41.640 41642 5 initial hand calculation for! Psia, the calculations are simple r, c, data ) ) = 190.19 g/mol,... Examples: H 2 O. Na 2 + Cl 2 = H 2 O. Na 2 + 2... 4.76 gram sample of a 0.8-gravity natural gas hydrates as a Pregnancy BreastFeeding... Gravity below 0.69 are not expected to form hydrates. ; function Get ( oName,,! Expansion of a hydrated salt [ 9 ] ) ( oName,,! Needs water to function correctly hand-calculation techniques for this type of evaluation 1,050! And high altitude can All increase water loss the free-water phase How Much water do you calculate the of. Grams gives you the percentage by mass of water molecular formula of 0.8-gravity... { Experiment 4: formula mass for a hydrate, the foods you eat also...

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