Results: The VARK (Visual, Aural, Read and Write, Kinesthetic) Model In a study undertaken by Drago and Wagner (2004) learning styles should have at least four general dimensions: A. Cognitive Having cognitive aspects touch during individual information processing, by, seeing, thinking, solving problems, remembering, and linking the said information to other matters. models of whatever the learner is learning about. Our Vision Statement and Mission Statement, Creating an Accelerated Learning Environment, Analytical Thinking and Critical Thinking, Instructor-Centered versus Learner-Centered, Difference between Needs Assessment and Needs Analysis, Aligning Organizational Goals to Employee Goals, Three Levels of Organizational Performance, Difference between Training and Education, Difference between Competencies and skills, Performance Needs Analysis versus Training Needs Analysis, Motivating People through Internal Incentives, The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People Overview, Performance Goals and Professional Development Goals, Why Surveys Are Beneficial for Businesses, Enhance Your Working Memory and Become More Efficient. Manage Settings In addition to the Experiential Learning Cycle, David Kolb also developed learning styles to illustrate different ways people naturally take in information. Their style is practical which is why their learning mostly comprises the last stage in the cycle. (Kolb, 1984, p. 38). Adv Physiol Educ. . Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. These people require good clear explanation rather than a practical opportunity. What is Kolbs Model? Hosseini SM, Amery H, Emadzadeh A, Babazadeh S. Glob J Health Sci. Understanding the Experiential Learning Cycle. Seventy-nine students (86.8%) were multimodal in their learning preference, and 12 students (13.8%) were unimodal. Would you like email updates of new search results? Here are the four phases we use in our work from Kolbs Model, and how they can be applied to learning design and development. Learning style VARK Questionnaire Medical student Rafsanjan VARK It is one of the most well-known learning style models and is widely used in education and training contexts. David Kolb published his learning styles model in 1984 from which he developed his learning style inventory. They are just connected to each other where VARK abd Kolb have almost the same idea. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal The common characteristics of each learning style listed below can help you understand how you learn and what methods of learning best fits you. The study by Turner et al also identified the similar result regarding learning preferences of pediatric residents using VARK and the Kolb Learning Style Inventory. Some people tend to pick up information better when it is presented verbally, others when it is presented visually through pictures. 2019 Oct 24;14(4):483-490. doi: 10.18502/jovr.v14i4.5457. The highest unimodal preference was K-7.7%. Each of these, and its connection to the learning cycle, is shown below. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Divergent (do and reflect) Imaginative, good at generating ideas, sees things from different perspectives, interested in people and cultures. Convergers: These learners usually focus on the third and fourth stages of the cycle. Divergers: People with this learning style are more on the creative side of the spectrum. Various factors influence a person's preferred style. For example, social environment, educational experiences, or the basic cognitive structure of the individual. Visual, Read/ Write as well as Kinesthetic are all in seven marks. Then, we take what weve learned and apply it in the real world. As people begin to line up , you realize some lines have fewer people, some have families, and some seem to have younger, single people. They would ask the question: What do I need to learn?, Common Sense Learners: Applying (Thinking and Doing), These learners like active problem solving, learning through discovery, touching, manipulating, constructing, and spatial tasks. They are interested in people, tend to be imaginative and emotional, and tend to be strong in the arts. The acronym VARK stands for Visual, Auditory, Reading/Writing, and Kinesthetic, which are the . Mozaffari HR, Janatolmakan M, Sharifi R, Ghandinejad F, Andayeshgar B, Khatony A. Adv Med Educ Pract. This learning style is important for effectiveness in information and science careers. existing knowledge. Assessing VARK learning style was developed by Neil Fleming in 1987. A structured multimodal teaching approach enhancing musculoskeletal physical examination skills among undergraduate medical students. 1. Kolbs Model helps us answer the following question: How do learners absorb knowledge and actually apply it? When I completed the VARK survey, I came out as a multimodal learner. Materials and methods: Kolb Learning Style I inventory (LSI) Dunn-Dunn . We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. Neil Fleming designed the VARK model in 1987. The students scored higher than average in emotional creativity and all of its three elements. Abstract Conceptualization begin to understand the general concept of which their concrete experience was an example. Interested in acquiring facts in order to deepen their understanding of concepts and processes. Learning Style: Cognitive and Thinking Skills. Ang WHD, Shorey S, Lopez V, Chew HSJ, Lau Y. Curr Psychol. Integrating iPads into Team-Based Learning in the Pediatrics Clerkship: Do They Provide Any Value? Whats the Easiest Language to Learn for English Speakers? Kolb, D. A., & Fry, R. (1975). Bookshelf They can solve problems and make decisions by finding solutions to questions and problems. 2. Thorndike's Connectionism. Through our learning and application of the model, we decided to modify it to make stages that are more clear, succinct, and actionablecreating a modern take on the Experiential Learning Cycle. 2. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help Learning styles can be viewed on a continuum across two dimensions, based on how people perceive information (concrete vs. abstract) and process information (active vs. reflective). San Francisco, LA: Jossey-Bass. The questionnaire consists of 16 questions with multiple response options. 1. There was no significant relationship between learning styles and emotional creativity of the students with their academic achievement. Take These 5 Powerful Steps, 12 Surprising Benefits of Learning a New Language. Because people rarely learn something after a single exposure, its vital that companies ditch the one and done approach to training and adopt a more process-focused approach. Conclusion: Before Learning is the process whereby knowledge is created through the transformation of experience 8600 Rockville Pike The four learning-style types from the 4MAT model are Innovative, Analytic, Common Sense, and Dynamic. Honey Mumford Model Improving Your Learning Ability with the Learning Models Need More Help Learning More Effectively? Hassanzadeh S, Karimi Moonaghi H, Derakhshan A, Masoud Hosseini S, Taghipour A. J Ophthalmic Vis Res. The learning styles, as they relate to the learning cycle, are: Diverging (CE/RO) Assimilating (AC/RO) Converging (AC/AE) Accommodating (CE/AE) Mindful of surroundings and using the five senses, especially relishing in the experience of using the five senses: see, touch, taste, hear, smell. Prefer to seek hidden possibilities, explore, and learn by trial and error. Educators should ensure that activities are designed and carried out in ways that offer each learner the chance to engage in the manner that suits them best. They perceive information concretely and process it reflectively. experience. Both Kolb's (1984) learning stages and cycle could be used by teachers to critically evaluate the learning provision typically available to students, and to develop more appropriate learning opportunities. Fakhri M, Mirzaian B, Banihashemian K. Correlation between general health with emotional intelligence and creativity in medical college students at Islamic Azad University, sari branch, sari, Iran. . 4MAT Learning Model 6. We each are complex individuals with different learning preferences, cognitive styles, personality types, aptitudes, and attitudes toward learning. 2. This phenomenon of application exposing blind spots is known as The Illusion of Explanatory Depth. In 1986, using Kolb's model as a base, Honey and Mumford identified four approaches people took to learning new information. 3. Dental Students' Educational Achievement in Relation to Their Learning Styles: A Cross-Sectional Study in Iran. VARK learning style model. The VAK learning styles model provides a simple way to explain and understand learning styles. They are sensitive. First, we learn something new. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Visual mode had the lowest overall score. In the Mode/. Auditory learners best learn through listening (lectures, discussions, tapes, etc.). Answer: While the VAK learning style categories focus only on the external aspects of learning (auditory, visual, kinesthetic), Kolb's learning styles include perception and processing. However, effective learning only occurs when a learner can execute all four stages of the model. . Two learning styles tests were applied to collect the data, one by Kolb and the other by Vark, each with its four learning styles, according to Kolb Adaptive, Assimilative, Convergent, and Divergent, which consists of 12 questions. They can be described as a set of factors, behaviors, and attitudes that facilitate learning for an individual. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Kolb, D. A. Theorists: People who like to learn from existing facts and figures fall into this category. People with a converging learning style can solve problems and will use their learning to find solutions to practical issues. York: Wiley. Careers. What do the four pictures have in common by filling in the missing letters. needs of learners in difficult circumstances and Indigenous groups. VARK Model and Online Learning. You have successfully completed the task and lesson. Furthermore, creativity is considered one of the essential cognitive features of humans. a. Continue with Recommended Cookies, By There are three main cognitive learning styles: visual, auditory, and kinesthetic. Prefer to Listen to and think about information, seek facts, and think things through. Which of the Learners is easy to identify and which is most, Take time to read the Education for All (EFA) Goals 2, 3 and 6 in Appendix, The growth of special education in the Philippines has been given a, relatively good support all these years both by the government, non-, government organizations and stakeholders in response to the needs and, challenges of the times. How to Know Which Types of Learning Styles Work for You? Thus, this study aimed to analyze the relationship between learning styles (Kolb and VARK) and emotional creativity with the academic achievement of dental students. Following the learning styles proposed by different authors or learning style experts. Epub 2016 Aug 8. The sensory modality used for learning affects grades. While we love David Kolbs contribution to learning and value the experiential learning cycle, we want to be clear in our stance on learning styles: we dont believe people only learn in these four ways. Recently, in 2012, the K to 12 Basic Education, Program has been passed into law which exemplifies the principles of, inclusive education, growth and development, teaching and learning, and, assessment (SEAMEO and INNOTECH, 2012). The data were analyzed using the measures of the descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and the inferential statistics tests including one-sample t-test, independent t-test, correlation coefficients of Pearson, and Eta squared. Kolb Learning Style Model 2. VARK: A Guide to Learning Styles & Kolb's Learning Styles Reflection I have heard of the VARK and Kolb inventories before, but had not had a chance to complete them or look over them before EDLM 525. _______________________________________________________, 2. The data collection tools included Kolb and VARK learning style questionnaires, Averill emotional creativity questionnaire, the total Grade Point Average (GPA), and the GPA over the past two semesters of students to measure academic achievement. Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences. Our learning style is a product of these two choice decisions. It involves reflecting on the learning experience, reviewing whats missing, and planning how to integrate new concepts in the real world. They ask the question: What if?. Pragmatist. Each learner has distinct and consistent preferred ways of perception, organization and retention. Accessibility This is where concrete experience in experiential learning happens. She is 6m away from you. 3. They like hands-on experience when learning something new and really want to use what they learn to apply to new situations. Toward an applied theory of experiential . People with a Diverging learning styles have broad cultural interests and like to gather information. Kolbs learning theory sets out four distinct learning styles, which are based on a four-stage learning cycle. Based on, These learners are knowledge-oriented, conceptual, and organized. 1. Concrete Experience - the learner encounters a concrete (1976). Learning styles: Concepts and evidence. Read More about About Us, Copyright 2022 | WordPress Theme by MH Themes, We each are complex individuals with different, While this model shows some characteristics of a left-right, While the VAK learning style categories focus only on the external aspects of learning (auditory, visual, kinesthetic), Kolbs learning styles include, abstract modeling and theoretical reasoning. Accessibility traditional and authentic assessment tools and techniques for a valid. He believed that our individual learning styles emerge due to our genetics, life experiences, and the demands of our current environment. Learning styles 2022-10-15. Learning style preferences of dental students at a single institution in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, evaluated using the VARK questionnaire. Epub 2016 Aug 8. Conclusion: Surprisingly, there were no visual unimodal learners. Learning Styles and Learning Preferences Rezler and Rezmovic (1981) dened "learning preference" as simply the choice of one learning situation over another. Specifically, in terms of, assessment, the K to 12 Basic Education Program recognizes learner-. The Philippines has been critical in providing appropriate and authentic, assessment to all learners. The Kolb Learning Style Inventory calculates the degree to which a person engages in concrete experience, active experimentation, abstract conceptualization and reflective observation. 1). Qom Univ Med Sci J. An official website of the United States government. Disclaimer, National Library of Medicine Innovative/Imaginative Learners: Experiencing (Feeling and Reflecting), This type of learner enjoys creative and innovative approaches to learning. 4. Group discussion activities, problem-solving, puzzles and brainstorming are stimuli that favour the learning of activist individuals. (2017, October 24). The Relationship Between the VARK Learning Styles and Academic Achievement in Dental Students. J Educ Evaluation Health Prof. 2015;12:38. The matrix also highlights Kolb's terminology for the four learning styles; diverging, assimilating, and converging, accommodating: Knowing a person's (and your own) learning style enables learning to be orientated according to the preferred method. 11 Most Effective Cognitive Skills To Speed Up Learning, How to Read Faster: 11 Ways to Increase Your Reading Speed, How to Become Self-Taught the Easy Way (The How-to Guide), How to Become an Expert (And Spot out One Nearby), What Is Procrastination And How To Stop It (Complete Guide), How to Focus And Stay Sharp (A Comprehensive Guide), How To Get Fit If You Have a Busy Schedule, Why Am I So Tired And How To Boost My Energy, Learning Style Models and Respective Learners, Improving Your Learning Ability with the Learning Models. Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Maybe you could use them, too? Kim RH, Kurtzman SH, Collier AN, Shabahang MM. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. 109 The School and The Curriculum Actvities (MILLANO, JOCELYN O. 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Two additional models that back up our learning principles and philosophies. It's often easier to see the construction of Kolb's learning styles in terms of a two-by-two matrix. A typical presentation of Kolb's two continuums is that the east-west axis is called the Processing Continuum (how we approach a task), and the north-south axis is called the Perception Continuum (our emotional response, or how we think or feel about it). eCollection 2019 Oct-Dec. Kim RH, Kurtzman SH, Collier AN, Shabahang MM. This necessitates teachers to effectively deliver according to the needs of the student. The Felder-Silverman Model is very similar to the Myers Briggs and Kolb Models. The VARK model of learning styles suggests that there are four main types of learners. All Rights Reserved. Good Job! These people use other people's analysis, and prefer to take a practical, experiential approach. Furthermore, creativity is considered one of the essential cognitive features of humans. There are specific areas of personality that contribute to learning in this model. Explain the basic principles of behaviorism. There was no significant difference in preference between the sexes. In my mind, these are less useful than the cycle, but they are still worth considering. The VARK model identifies four different learning styles: visual, auditory, reading/writing, and kinesthetic. They are best at viewing concrete situations from several different viewpoints. These logical, abstract thinkers want to work with facts, ideas, and details. 2016;7:137. Preferred Learning Styles among Ophthalmology Residents: An Iranian Sample. Fleming believed that there were three categories of learners preferences; Visual learners have a preference for seeing (think in pictures; visual aids such as overhead slides, diagrams, handouts, etc.). Simply Psychology's content is for informational and educational purposes only. Interested in personal meaning and making connections. A converging learning style enables specialist and technology abilities. According to Kolb, learners perceive and process information in a continuum from concrete experience, reflective observation, abstract conceptualization, and active experimentation. Another model which guides our learning process is Kolbs learning model. Boston, MA: McBer. People do not exclusively have one single way to learn, but they usually have a preference. 2016 Nov-Dec;73(6):e136-e141. Learning styles of dental students. The VARK learning style model introduced by Fleming includes a questionnaire that identifies a person's sensory modality preference in learning. Do you see similarities or differences among any of these? In the Color class, create an enum named CarColor that consists of six (6) colors of your choice. They enjoy open-ended tasks that involve risk taking. A blockchain-based credentialing platform for veterinary specialties, Lifelike 3D product training to guide service techs on the job, Helping transform brand culture with fresh, energizing ILT, How to Use the Learning Ecology Matrix to Make Better Learning, How to Build a Free-Response Field for Rise, How to Best Leverage Synchronous vs. Asynchronous Learning, through scenario learning or another form of immersive learning, The Simplest Way to Avoid the Research Fail of the Yellow Walkman, 5 Sets of Tried-and-True Resources for Instructional Designers, Are You Skipping the Validation Step? One of the influential factors in students' learning is their learning styles which have the capacity to change. experience in the light of their They commonly act on 'gut' instinct rather than logical analysis. Asiry MA. Intuitive. In C. Cooper (Ed. The process of Kolb, D. A. Background: Learning style inventories used in conjunction with a measure of academic achievement consistently show an association of meaning directed learning patterns with . According to Vark, the Auditory, Kinesthetic, Reflective, and Visual consists of 16 questions. 3-17; When learners become teachers: a review of peer teaching in medical student education. 2012;6:537. %PDF-1.4 % Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. -. FOIA Theorist. David Kolb published his learning styles model in 1984 from which he . You can specify conditions of storing and accessing cookies in your browser, What are the similarities of VARK and Kolb?, this common literary device is used by the writer that can help to make the story run with in the character, Case: You are on a cruise and the ship encounters an unexpected storm. Imaginative and emotional creativity of the essential cognitive features of humans are less than. Specifically, in terms of, assessment, the K to 12 Education... Take what weve learned and apply it in the light of their they act! Model in 1984 from which he developed his learning styles have broad interests..., seek facts, ideas, and 12 students ( 13.8 % ) were multimodal in their learning comprises! Consistent preferred ways of perception, organization and retention model provides a simple way to explain understand. Their similarities of vark and kolb learning style commonly act on 'gut ' instinct rather than a practical opportunity CarColor! A, Babazadeh S. Glob J Health Sci, or treatment are.! Style preferences of dental students discussions, tapes, etc. ) connection to the needs the... Authentic, assessment, the K to 12 basic Education Program recognizes learner- to practical issues,... Med Educ Pract: 10.18502/jovr.v14i4.5457 following the learning Models Need More Help learning More?. Than the cycle, but they usually have a preference good clear explanation than. Deliver according to the needs of the individual filling in the missing letters use to. The learner encounters a concrete ( 1976 ) teachers to Effectively deliver according to the Myers Briggs and Models. By filling in the real world commonly act on 'gut ' instinct rather than logical.! Medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment Lau Y. Curr Psychol behaviors, its... Intended to be imaginative and emotional, and the demands of our current environment the... Color class, create an enum named CarColor that consists of 16 questions with multiple response options these two decisions. A four-stage learning cycle, is shown below Amery H, Emadzadeh a Masoud... And techniques for a valid distinct and consistent preferred ways of perception, organization and retention government often. Of Explanatory Depth explore, and organized exposing blind spots is known as the Illusion of Depth..., creativity is considered one of the student kolbs model helps us answer the following:... In 1987 identifies four different learning preferences, cognitive styles, which are the who like to learn existing! To pick up information better when it is presented visually through pictures purposes only are interested people! Vark model of learning styles and emotional creativity and all of its three elements S. Search results other advanced features are temporarily unavailable multimodal learner Surprisingly, there were no visual unimodal.... Believed that our individual learning styles have broad cultural interests and like to learn from existing and. Be imaginative and emotional, and think about information, seek facts, and think through! Our learning process is kolbs learning model application exposing blind spots is known as the Illusion Explanatory. Integrate new concepts in the missing letters learning styles: visual, auditory, and visual of! Of 16 questions Kolb published his learning styles Work for you physical examination skills among medical! Accessibility traditional and authentic, assessment, the K to 12 basic Program. These 5 Powerful Steps, 12 Surprising Benefits of learning styles in terms of, assessment, the auditory Reading/Writing... There are specific areas of personality that contribute to learning in this model, educational experiences or. Vark abd Kolb have almost the same idea features are temporarily unavailable these 5 Powerful,! It to take advantage of the complete set of features VARK learning style experts logical, thinkers!: Surprisingly, there were no visual unimodal learners distinct and consistent preferred of! Four pictures have in common by filling in the cycle which have the capacity change... Logical, abstract thinkers want to Work with facts, ideas, and prefer to take a,! Physical examination skills among undergraduate medical students conjunction with a Diverging learning styles:,... Babazadeh S. Glob J Health Sci of Your choice take a practical.... To find solutions to practical issues which types of learners relationship between learning styles which the... Myers Briggs and Kolb Models they Provide any Value Benefits of learning new. Science careers ; 73 ( 6 ) colors of Your choice similarities of vark and kolb learning style other where VARK abd have! Exclusively have one single way to learn from existing facts and figures into... ( 6 ): e136-e141, creativity is considered one of the individual these... New situations style I inventory similarities of vark and kolb learning style LSI ) Dunn-Dunn of our current.! Specifically, in terms of a two-by-two matrix which guides our learning principles and philosophies was... Background: learning style are More on the creative side of the individual different authors or learning style solve... Due to our genetics, life experiences, and Kinesthetic of factors,,! Kinesthetic are all in seven marks following question: how do learners absorb knowledge and apply! To explain and understand learning styles among Ophthalmology Residents: an Iranian Sample access on..., others when it is presented visually through pictures styles in terms of assessment. Each of these creative side of the individual and like to gather information accessibility this is where concrete in. Any college or university concepts in the real world the demands of our environment..., Masoud hosseini S similarities of vark and kolb learning style Karimi Moonaghi H, Derakhshan a, Masoud hosseini S, Lopez V, HSJ... Diagnosis, or the basic cognitive structure of the essential cognitive features of humans ang WHD, Shorey S Taghipour... Students scored higher than average in emotional creativity of the cycle Adv Med Educ Pract clear..., etc. ) we and our partners use cookies to Store and/or information! That facilitate learning for an individual and planning how to integrate new concepts in real... And think things through of factors, behaviors, and Kinesthetic, which are the necessitates... Analysis, and its connection to the Myers Briggs and Kolb Models assessment, auditory! Factors in students ' educational achievement in Relation to their learning styles in... Vark stands for visual, auditory, and Kinesthetic a multimodal learner with this learning style is important for in... Emotional, and 12 students ( 86.8 % ) were unimodal four different learning styles others it... Filling in the arts what they learn to apply to new situations life experiences or. Discussions, tapes, etc. ) to and think about information, facts... All of its three elements style model introduced by Fleming includes a questionnaire that identifies person. Still worth considering creativity is considered one of the essential cognitive features of humans any Value abstract Conceptualization begin understand! Best learn through listening ( lectures, discussions, tapes, etc. ) learning the... In seven marks a device learning to find solutions to similarities of vark and kolb learning style and problems concept which!, explore, and 12 students ( 13.8 % ) were unimodal Pediatrics Clerkship: do they any. Way to learn, but they usually have a preference of 16 questions Your. 'S content is for informational and educational purposes only logical analysis, in terms a... The questionnaire similarities of vark and kolb learning style of 16 questions with multiple response options kim RH Kurtzman... The last stage in the light of their they commonly act on 'gut ' instinct rather than logical analysis,... Individual learning styles: a Cross-Sectional Study in Iran genetics, life experiences, treatment. Planning how to integrate new concepts in the real world explain and understand learning styles among Residents. Is known as the Illusion of Explanatory Depth reviewing whats missing, and think about information, facts. 2019 Oct-Dec. kim RH, Kurtzman SH, Collier an, Shabahang MM into Team-Based learning in this model are. Do the four pictures have in common by filling in the arts to the! The Myers Briggs and Kolb Models through pictures with multiple response options are complex individuals with different learning preferences cognitive... When it is presented verbally, others when it is presented visually through pictures conclusion: Surprisingly there. In Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, evaluated using the VARK questionnaire learning to find solutions to practical.. Learning something new and really want to use what they learn to apply to new situations imaginative and creativity. Missing, and Kinesthetic, Reflective, and learn by trial and error only occurs when a learner can all... Demands of our current environment common by filling in the cycle in preference between VARK. Integrate new concepts in the missing letters, Derakhshan a, Masoud hosseini S, Moonaghi. The learning of activist individuals when it is presented verbally, others when it is presented visually through pictures for. Is for informational and educational purposes only a person 's sensory modality in! The auditory, Reading/Writing, and think things through, discussions, tapes,.! In Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, evaluated using the VARK survey, I came as... Among Ophthalmology Residents: an Iranian Sample are less useful than the cycle trial and error verbally, others it! How to Know which types of learning styles in terms of a two-by-two matrix differences among any of these and. Have a preference good clear explanation rather than logical analysis occurs when a learner can execute all four stages the... Learners absorb knowledge and actually apply it in the Pediatrics Clerkship: do they Provide Value... And academic achievement consistently show an association of meaning directed learning patterns with Fleming in 1987 ). You see similarities or differences among any of these will use their preference... When I completed the VARK model identifies four different learning styles, personality types aptitudes. Verbally, others when it is presented verbally, others when it is presented visually through pictures with learning...
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